The Exodus (Did it happen)

Bee1

New member
It is funny how one point of interest leads to another but somewhere there is a starting point. I am just a novice at best when it comes to religious matters, so I am just asking here not stating a fact. I started out reading an article about the Pentateuch and was a shock to find Moses accredited as the author. So I started a research about Moses and came across The Exodus. Now the Exodus is crucial to Jewish heritage and the Old Testament in general. Why is there no evidence of it even happening? No pharaohs are named, the ancient Egyptians records mention no enslavement of 600,000 Israelites.

I quote;

www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/10/19/Recent-Research-on-the-Date-and-Setting-of-the-Exodus.aspx

Where would one expect to find written records of the presence of Israel in Egypt, or of the Exodus? In Rameses, of course, the place where the Israelites were settled when Jacob and his family entered Egypt (Gn 47:11), where the Israelites labored as slaves (Ex 1:11) and where they departed under the leadership of Moses (Ex 12:37; Nm 33:3). Fortunately, we know a lot about Rameses, modern Tell el-Daba in the northeastern Nile delta, since it has been excavated almost continuously since 1966. What historical records have been found from the time period of the Exodus at ancient Rameses? Exactly nothing! In fact, the only historical document to be found from any period from all of the excavations in the area of ancient Rameses over a period of more than 40 years is one small 2x2 in (5x5 cm) fragment of a clay tablet. It appears to be part of a letter from the king of the Hittite empire to Rameses II (ca. 1290–1224 BC) concerning terms of a peace treaty between the two parties.

No evidence of a Conquest

Excavation over the past half-century has revealed no evidence of destruction and in some cases no occupation…for most of the cities…supposedly conquered by the invading Israelites. The two most famous examples, Jericho and Ai, are transparent etiologies [stories made up to explain something, such as a ruin]. Ai means “ruin.” The city [identified by the author as et- Tell] was abandoned before the Late Bronze Age and resettled as an unwalled village after 1200. It was, therefore, already a “ruin” when the Israelites supposedly conquered it, and the story explains how it became one. Jericho [according to the dating of Kathleen Kenyon] also was unwalled at the time of the supposed conquest. It had once stood as one of the world’s oldest cities and a symbol of the greatness of the Canaanite culture. Its acquisition by Israel, therefore, symbolized the complete possession of the land.

Since there was no Conquest, the Israelites could not have wandered in the wilderness for 40 years, ergo, no Exodus.

More fuel for the fire

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exodus

The exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites.[1][a] Spread over the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, it tells of the enslavement that befell the children of Israel in Egypt, their liberation through the hand of Yahweh and the revelations at Sinai, and their wanderings in the wilderness up to borders of Canaan, the land their God has given them.



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Bee1

New member
It is funny how one point of interest leads to another but somewhere there is a starting point. I am just a novice at best when it comes to religious matters, so I am just asking here not stating a fact. I started out reading an article about the Pentateuch and was a shock to find Moses accredited as the author. So I started a research about Moses and came across The Exodus. Now the Exodus is crucial to Jewish heritage and the Old Testament in general. Why is there no evidence of it even happening? No pharaohs are named, the ancient Egyptians records mention no enslavement of 600,000 Israelites.

I quote;

www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/10/19/Recent-Research-on-the-Date-and-Setting-of-the-Exodus.aspx

Where would one expect to find written records of the presence of Israel in Egypt, or of the Exodus? In Rameses, of course, the place where the Israelites were settled when Jacob and his family entered Egypt (Gn 47:11), where the Israelites labored as slaves (Ex 1:11) and where they departed under the leadership of Moses (Ex 12:37; Nm 33:3). Fortunately, we know a lot about Rameses, modern Tell el-Daba in the northeastern Nile delta, since it has been excavated almost continuously since 1966. What historical records have been found from the time period of the Exodus at ancient Rameses? Exactly nothing! In fact, the only historical document to be found from any period from all of the excavations in the area of ancient Rameses over a period of more than 40 years is one small 2x2 in (5x5 cm) fragment of a clay tablet. It appears to be part of a letter from the king of the Hittite empire to Rameses II (ca. 1290–1224 BC) concerning terms of a peace treaty between the two parties.

No evidence of a Conquest

Excavation over the past half-century has revealed no evidence of destruction and in some cases no occupation…for most of the cities…supposedly conquered by the invading Israelites. The two most famous examples, Jericho and Ai, are transparent etiologies [stories made up to explain something, such as a ruin]. Ai means “ruin.” The city [identified by the author as et- Tell] was abandoned before the Late Bronze Age and resettled as an unwalled village after 1200. It was, therefore, already a “ruin” when the Israelites supposedly conquered it, and the story explains how it became one. Jericho [according to the dating of Kathleen Kenyon] also was unwalled at the time of the supposed conquest. It had once stood as one of the world’s oldest cities and a symbol of the greatness of the Canaanite culture. Its acquisition by Israel, therefore, symbolized the complete possession of the land.

Since there was no Conquest, the Israelites could not have wandered in the wilderness for 40 years, ergo, no Exodus.

More fuel for the fire

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exodus

The exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites.[1][a] Spread over the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, it tells of the enslavement that befell the children of Israel in Egypt, their liberation through the hand of Yahweh and the revelations at Sinai, and their wanderings in the wilderness up to borders of Canaan, the land their God has given them.



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This can not be right !


https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Evidence_for_the_Exodus


Mainstream scholarly consensus[edit]

See the main article on this topic: Old Testament § Evidence for the Old Testament

“”...I'm not trying to say that: now, I have proven that the Bible is authorative, is historically accurate — of course not. You still have to have faith.

—Dr. Paul L. Maier[2]

Despite being regarded in Judaism as the primary factual historical narrative of the origin of the religion, culture and ethnicity, Exodus is now accepted by scholars as having been compiled in the 8th–7th centuries BCE from stories dating possibly as far back as the 13th century BCE, with further polishing in the 6th–5th centuries BCE, as a theological and political manifesto to unite the Israelites in the then‐current battle for territory against Egypt.[3]

Archaeologists from the 19th century onward were actually surprised not to find any evidence whatsoever for the events of Exodus. By the 1970s, archaeologists had largely given up regarding the Bible as any use at all as a field guide.

The archaeological evidence of local Canaanite, rather than Egyptian, origins of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel is "overwhelming," and leaves "no room for an Exodus from Egypt or a 40‐year pilgrimage through the Sinai wilderness."[4]The culture of the earliest Israelite settlements is Canaanite, their cult objects are of the Canaanite god El, the pottery is in the local Canaanite tradition, and the alphabet is early Canaanite. Almost the sole marker distinguishing Israelite villages from Canaanite sites is an absence of pig bones.

It is considered possible that those Canaanites who started regarding themselves as the Israelites were joined or led by a small group of Semites from Egypt, possibly carrying stories that made it into Exodus. As the tribe expanded, they may have begun to clash with neighbors, perhaps sparking the tales of conflict in Joshua and Judges.

End of quote:

Now that just chaps my hide. No Exodus, no wandering in wilderness, no burning bush, no ten commandments, oh man no whole lot of everything.


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Bee1

New member
This can not be right !


https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Evidence_for_the_Exodus


Mainstream scholarly consensus[edit]

See the main article on this topic: Old Testament § Evidence for the Old Testament

“”...I'm not trying to say that: now, I have proven that the Bible is authorative, is historically accurate — of course not. You still have to have faith.

—Dr. Paul L. Maier[2]

Despite being regarded in Judaism as the primary factual historical narrative of the origin of the religion, culture and ethnicity, Exodus is now accepted by scholars as having been compiled in the 8th–7th centuries BCE from stories dating possibly as far back as the 13th century BCE, with further polishing in the 6th–5th centuries BCE, as a theological and political manifesto to unite the Israelites in the then‐current battle for territory against Egypt.[3]

Archaeologists from the 19th century onward were actually surprised not to find any evidence whatsoever for the events of Exodus. By the 1970s, archaeologists had largely given up regarding the Bible as any use at all as a field guide.

The archaeological evidence of local Canaanite, rather than Egyptian, origins of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel is "overwhelming," and leaves "no room for an Exodus from Egypt or a 40‐year pilgrimage through the Sinai wilderness."[4]The culture of the earliest Israelite settlements is Canaanite, their cult objects are of the Canaanite god El, the pottery is in the local Canaanite tradition, and the alphabet is early Canaanite. Almost the sole marker distinguishing Israelite villages from Canaanite sites is an absence of pig bones.

It is considered possible that those Canaanites who started regarding themselves as the Israelites were joined or led by a small group of Semites from Egypt, possibly carrying stories that made it into Exodus. As the tribe expanded, they may have begun to clash with neighbors, perhaps sparking the tales of conflict in Joshua and Judges.

End of quote:

Now that just chaps my hide. No Exodus, no wandering in wilderness, no burning bush, no ten commandments, oh man no whole lot of everything.


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Utterly mind-blowing!

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JudgeRightly

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It is funny how one point of interest leads to another but somewhere there is a starting point. I am just a novice at best when it comes to religious matters, so I am just asking here not stating a fact. I started out reading an article about the Pentateuch and was a shock to find Moses accredited as the author. So I started a research about Moses and came across The Exodus. Now the Exodus is crucial to Jewish heritage and the Old Testament in general. Why is there no evidence of it even happening? No pharaohs are named, the ancient Egyptians records mention no enslavement of 600,000 Israelites.

I quote;

www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/10/19/Recent-Research-on-the-Date-and-Setting-of-the-Exodus.aspx

Where would one expect to find written records of the presence of Israel in Egypt, or of the Exodus? In Rameses, of course, the place where the Israelites were settled when Jacob and his family entered Egypt (Gn 47:11), where the Israelites labored as slaves (Ex 1:11) and where they departed under the leadership of Moses (Ex 12:37; Nm 33:3). Fortunately, we know a lot about Rameses, modern Tell el-Daba in the northeastern Nile delta, since it has been excavated almost continuously since 1966. What historical records have been found from the time period of the Exodus at ancient Rameses? Exactly nothing! In fact, the only historical document to be found from any period from all of the excavations in the area of ancient Rameses over a period of more than 40 years is one small 2x2 in (5x5 cm) fragment of a clay tablet. It appears to be part of a letter from the king of the Hittite empire to Rameses II (ca. 1290–1224 BC) concerning terms of a peace treaty between the two parties.

No evidence of a Conquest

Excavation over the past half-century has revealed no evidence of destruction and in some cases no occupation…for most of the cities…supposedly conquered by the invading Israelites. The two most famous examples, Jericho and Ai, are transparent etiologies [stories made up to explain something, such as a ruin]. Ai means “ruin.” The city [identified by the author as et- Tell] was abandoned before the Late Bronze Age and resettled as an unwalled village after 1200. It was, therefore, already a “ruin” when the Israelites supposedly conquered it, and the story explains how it became one. Jericho [according to the dating of Kathleen Kenyon] also was unwalled at the time of the supposed conquest. It had once stood as one of the world’s oldest cities and a symbol of the greatness of the Canaanite culture. Its acquisition by Israel, therefore, symbolized the complete possession of the land.

Since there was no Conquest, the Israelites could not have wandered in the wilderness for 40 years, ergo, no Exodus.

More fuel for the fire

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exodus

The exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites.[1][a] Spread over the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, it tells of the enslavement that befell the children of Israel in Egypt, their liberation through the hand of Yahweh and the revelations at Sinai, and their wanderings in the wilderness up to borders of Canaan, the land their God has given them.



Sent from my SM-J727P using Tapatalk
This can not be right !


https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Evidence_for_the_Exodus


Mainstream scholarly consensus[edit]

See the main article on this topic: Old Testament § Evidence for the Old Testament

“”...I'm not trying to say that: now, I have proven that the Bible is authorative, is historically accurate — of course not. You still have to have faith.

—Dr. Paul L. Maier[2]

Despite being regarded in Judaism as the primary factual historical narrative of the origin of the religion, culture and ethnicity, Exodus is now accepted by scholars as having been compiled in the 8th–7th centuries BCE from stories dating possibly as far back as the 13th century BCE, with further polishing in the 6th–5th centuries BCE, as a theological and political manifesto to unite the Israelites in the then‐current battle for territory against Egypt.[3]

Archaeologists from the 19th century onward were actually surprised not to find any evidence whatsoever for the events of Exodus. By the 1970s, archaeologists had largely given up regarding the Bible as any use at all as a field guide.

The archaeological evidence of local Canaanite, rather than Egyptian, origins of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel is "overwhelming," and leaves "no room for an Exodus from Egypt or a 40‐year pilgrimage through the Sinai wilderness."[4]The culture of the earliest Israelite settlements is Canaanite, their cult objects are of the Canaanite god El, the pottery is in the local Canaanite tradition, and the alphabet is early Canaanite. Almost the sole marker distinguishing Israelite villages from Canaanite sites is an absence of pig bones.

It is considered possible that those Canaanites who started regarding themselves as the Israelites were joined or led by a small group of Semites from Egypt, possibly carrying stories that made it into Exodus. As the tribe expanded, they may have begun to clash with neighbors, perhaps sparking the tales of conflict in Joshua and Judges.

End of quote:

Now that just chaps my hide. No Exodus, no wandering in wilderness, no burning bush, no ten commandments, oh man no whole lot of everything.


Sent from my SM-J727P using Tapatalk
Utterly mind-blowing!

Sent from my GT-P1010 using Tapatalk
Hey, Bee1, there is plenty of evidence for the Exodus. All the evidence can be found in Part 1, though you can listen to Bob and Fred discuss all of it in each of the 8 episodes.

Part 1: http://kgov.com/evidence-for-the-exodus
Part 2: http://kgov.com/bel/20170407
Part 3: http://kgov.com/bel/20170414
Part 4: http://kgov.com/bel/20170421
Part 5: http://kgov.com/bel/20170428
Part 6: http://kgov.com/ipuwer-egyptian-sage-recounting-plagues-and-the-exodus
Part 7: http://kgov.com/bel/20170512
Part 8: http://kgov.com/bel/20170519

There's so much evidence for it, it boggles the mind how people have ignored it.
 

Bee1

New member
Hey, Bee1, there is plenty of evidence for the Exodus. All the evidence can be found in Part 1, though you can listen to Bob and Fred discuss all of it in each of the 8 episodes.

Part 1: http://kgov.com/evidence-for-the-exodus
Part 2: http://kgov.com/bel/20170407
Part 3: http://kgov.com/bel/20170414
Part 4: http://kgov.com/bel/20170421
Part 5: http://kgov.com/bel/20170428
Part 6: http://kgov.com/ipuwer-egyptian-sage-recounting-plagues-and-the-exodus
Part 7: http://kgov.com/bel/20170512
Part 8: http://kgov.com/bel/20170519

There's so much evidence for it, it boggles the mind how people have ignored it.
I will watch all 6 parts and report back to you.

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SonOfCaleb

Active member
Firstly let me preface this by saying the Egyptians were NOTORIOUS liars in regards to what they recorded as their 'official history'. It was not uncommon for their scribes and priests to embellish, lie, or deliberately omit and destroy history that wasn't to their liking. Though incidentally this is not unsual for many nations or world powers seeking to peddle a historical narrative conducive to the image they wish to convey to their nation and rivals.
As an example i've personally seen in Luxor, and have photographic evidence of the deliberate destruction and removal of Queen Hatshepsut by Thutmose III. The chisel marks where Queen Hatshepsut was removed from the royal records -likely by members of the preisthood- are all over many of the antiquities in Luxor.

Note though the stark contrasts of the Hebrew narrative as to the origins of the Jews which is VERY frank and even culminates in the death of the author of the book Exodus, Moses, for sinning against God. When you include the litany of sins the Jews commited which are recorded in the book of Exodus and which resulted in the likely deaths of tens of thousands of Jews at Gods command theres a honest frankness that is very very unusual when compared to most 'mythical' origin historical narratives of almost all nations on Earth.

This passage by Josephus -a Roman Jewish historian from 1AD- in his works Against Apion, I, 228 (26) records the following from Manetho -an Egyptian priest who was equally notorious for the embellishments and lies he wrote on Egyptian history and also evidently hated the Jews- Josephus quotes Manetho saying that the ancestors of the Jews "entered Egypt in their myriads and subdued the inhabitants," and then Josephus says that Manetho "goes on to admit that they were afterwards driven out of the country, occupied what is now Judaea, founded Jerusalem, and built the temple."

While Manetho’s account is in general very unhistorical, the significant fact is that he mentions the Jews as being in Egypt and as going out, and in further writings, according to Josephus, he identifies Moses with Osarsiph, an Egyptian priest, indicating that, even though Egyptian monuments do not record the fact, the Jews were in Egypt and Moses was their leader. Josephus speaks of another Egyptian historian, Chaeremon, who says that Joseph and Moses were driven out of Egypt at the same time; also Josephus mentions a Lysimachus who tells a similar story.—Against Apion, I, 228, 238 (26); 288, 290 (32); 299 (33); 304-311 (34).

From these accounts and considering how untrustworthy Egyptian historical sources were which even Josephus complains about in Against Apion the fact the Egyptians never recorded all the details of Exodus considering the impact on the Egyptian nation is unsurprising. That said Manetho's own testimon does confirm the validity and historicity of the account in Exodus.
 
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JudgeRightly

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I will watch all 6 parts and report back to you.

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By the way, I recommend following along in the list provided on the first page as they discuss it in each show.
 

genuineoriginal

New member
It is funny how one point of interest leads to another but somewhere there is a starting point. I am just a novice at best when it comes to religious matters, so I am just asking here not stating a fact. I started out reading an article about the Pentateuch and was a shock to find Moses accredited as the author. So I started a research about Moses and came across The Exodus. Now the Exodus is crucial to Jewish heritage and the Old Testament in general. Why is there no evidence of it even happening? No pharaohs are named, the ancient Egyptians records mention no enslavement of 600,000 Israelites.

I quote;

www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/10/19/Recent-Research-on-the-Date-and-Setting-of-the-Exodus.aspx

Where would one expect to find written records of the presence of Israel in Egypt, or of the Exodus? In Rameses, of course, the place where the Israelites were settled when Jacob and his family entered Egypt (Gn 47:11), where the Israelites labored as slaves (Ex 1:11) and where they departed under the leadership of Moses (Ex 12:37; Nm 33:3). Fortunately, we know a lot about Rameses, modern Tell el-Daba in the northeastern Nile delta, since it has been excavated almost continuously since 1966. What historical records have been found from the time period of the Exodus at ancient Rameses? Exactly nothing! In fact, the only historical document to be found from any period from all of the excavations in the area of ancient Rameses over a period of more than 40 years is one small 2x2 in (5x5 cm) fragment of a clay tablet. It appears to be part of a letter from the king of the Hittite empire to Rameses II (ca. 1290–1224 BC) concerning terms of a peace treaty between the two parties.

No evidence of a Conquest

Excavation over the past half-century has revealed no evidence of destruction and in some cases no occupation…for most of the cities…supposedly conquered by the invading Israelites. The two most famous examples, Jericho and Ai, are transparent etiologies [stories made up to explain something, such as a ruin]. Ai means “ruin.” The city [identified by the author as et- Tell] was abandoned before the Late Bronze Age and resettled as an unwalled village after 1200. It was, therefore, already a “ruin” when the Israelites supposedly conquered it, and the story explains how it became one. Jericho [according to the dating of Kathleen Kenyon] also was unwalled at the time of the supposed conquest. It had once stood as one of the world’s oldest cities and a symbol of the greatness of the Canaanite culture. Its acquisition by Israel, therefore, symbolized the complete possession of the land.

Since there was no Conquest, the Israelites could not have wandered in the wilderness for 40 years, ergo, no Exodus.

More fuel for the fire

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exodus

The exodus is the founding myth of the Israelites.[1][a] Spread over the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, it tells of the enslavement that befell the children of Israel in Egypt, their liberation through the hand of Yahweh and the revelations at Sinai, and their wanderings in the wilderness up to borders of Canaan, the land their God has given them.



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I watched a great documentary called Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus on Netflix which explains where the evidence is and why the archaeological community can't (won't) see the evidence before them.
 

Bee1

New member
Firstly let me preface this by saying the Egyptians were NOTORIOUS liars in regards to what they recorded as their 'official history'. It was not uncommon for their scribes and priests to embellish, lie, or deliberately omit and destroy history that wasn't to their liking. Though incidentally this is not unsual for many nations or world powers seeking to peddle a historical narrative conducive to the image they wish to convey to their nation and rivals.
As an example i've personally seen in Luxor, and have photographic evidence of the deliberate destruction and removal of Queen Hatshepsut by Thutmose III. The chisel marks where Queen Hatshepsut was removed from the royal records -likely by members of the preisthood- are all over many of the antiquities in Luxor.

Note though the stark contrasts of the Hebrew narrative as to the origins of the Jews which is VERY frank and even culminates in the death of the author of the book Exodus, Moses, for sinning against God. When you include the litany of sins the Jews commited which are recorded in the book of Exodus and which resulted in the likely deaths of tens of thousands of Jews at Gods command theres a honest frankness that is very very unusual when compared to most 'mythical' origin historical narratives of almost all nations on Earth.

This passage by Josephus -a Roman Jewish historian from 1AD- in his works Against Apion, I, 228 (26) records the following from Manetho -an Egyptian priest who was equally notorious for the embellishments and lies he wrote on Egyptian history and also evidently hated the Jews- Josephus quotes Manetho saying that the ancestors of the Jews "entered Egypt in their myriads and subdued the inhabitants," and then Josephus says that Manetho "goes on to admit that they were afterwards driven out of the country, occupied what is now Judaea, founded Jerusalem, and built the temple."

While Manetho’s account is in general very unhistorical, the significant fact is that he mentions the Jews as being in Egypt and as going out, and in further writings, according to Josephus, he identifies Moses with Osarsiph, an Egyptian priest, indicating that, even though Egyptian monuments do not record the fact, the Jews were in Egypt and Moses was their leader. Josephus speaks of another Egyptian historian, Chaeremon, who says that Joseph and Moses were driven out of Egypt at the same time; also Josephus mentions a Lysimachus who tells a similar story.—Against Apion, I, 228, 238 (26); 288, 290 (32); 299 (33); 304-311 (34).

From these accounts and considering how untrustworthy Egyptian historical sources were which even Josephus complains about in Against Apion the fact the Egyptians never recorded all the details of Exodus considering the impact on the Egyptian nation is unsurprising. That said Manetho's own testimon does confirm the validity and historicity of the account in Exodus.
If 2/3 of the total Egyptian population up and leaves to go wander the wildness, someone, somewhere would have noticed and recorded that fact. Why would some religious academia question the Exodus?
If you use the Bible, Ramses was the pharaoh of the Exodus but in 1Kings 6
Soloman' temple was built 480 years after Exodus thus making the Exodus before Ramses. That just one discrepancy, how two million people live in the desert for 40 years and not leave a trace. What did the Israelites do with the dead? True the Egyptians never record their defeats but what about other indigenous people who live in Egypt at that time, surely someone besides the Egyptians seen the Exodus.I gave the Exodus as a given as far as biblical truths now that seems not to be the case. Yes there were Hebrews in Egypt and many were slaves but the numbers reported in the Bible there should have been a Hebrew culture in Egypt. I don't know. I am learning as I go.


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Bee1

New member
Right now I am on part 3 but already there is a problem. The author wants to move the Exodus back 2 centuries and that is in conflict with the Bible and he says that Ramses was not the Pharaoh of the Exodus ,also in conflict with the Bible.
 

JudgeRightly

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Right now I am on part 3 but already there is a problem. The author wants to move the Exodus back 2 centuries and that is in conflict with the Bible and he says that Ramses was not the Pharaoh of the Exodus ,also in conflict with the Bible.
He explains why, keep listening, I encourage you.
 

JudgeRightly

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beameup

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Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus
I saw it in a theater when it was released.
Search for that title right here in TOL and you will find it.
Search under my user name and you will find plenty of "evidence" for the Exodus.
 
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